Alternate, oval to lance-shaped, mostly 3-12 in. long, 1-3 in. wide, green to gray-green, lack hair and waxy; edges (margins) smooth to toothed and can also be curled; leaf bases DO NOT clasp stem; lower leaves larger than upper leaves
Small and white with 4 petals; arranged in dense clusters at the tips of stems
Seed pods are round, flattened, less than 0.1 in. diameter, usually covered with hairs; each has 2 chambers, each with 1 seed
Creeping root system
Grows best on moist sites; often found in floodplains, pastures, meadows, hay fields and along waterways; known to occur in all Nevada counties
Perennial; reproduces by roots and seed
Also known as tall whitetop
Mowing, digging, tillage, burning and grazing established stands are NOT effective
Apply metsulfuron or chlorsulfuron to actively growing plants through early-bloom; imazapic from full-bloom until plants become necrotic; 2,4-D and glyphosate at bud to flower can be effective if repeated for several years